TY - JOUR
T1 - A Low-Cost Durable Na-FeCl2 Battery with Ultrahigh Rate Capability
AU - Zhan, Xiaowen
AU - Bowden, Mark E.
AU - Lu, Xiaochuan
AU - Bonnett, Jeffery F.
AU - Lemmon, Teresa
AU - Reed, David M.
AU - Sprenkle, Vincent L.
AU - Li, Guosheng
PY - 2020/3/1
Y1 - 2020/3/1
N2 - Na-based batteries have long been regarded as an inexpensive, sustainable candidate for large-scale stationary energy storage applications. Unfortunately, the market penetration of conventional Na-NiCl2 batteries is approaching its limit for several reasons, including limited rate capability and high Ni cost. Herein, a Na-FeCl2 battery operating at 190 °C is reported that allows a capacity output of 116 mAh g−1 at an extremely high current density of 33.3 mA cm−2 (≈0.6C). The superior rate performance is rooted in the intrinsically fast kinetics of the Fe/Fe2+ redox reaction. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that a small amount of Ni additive (10 mol%) effectively mitigates capacity fading of the Fe/NaCl cathode caused by Fe particle pulverization during long-term cycling. The modified Fe/Ni cathode exhibits excellent cycling stability, maintaining a discharge energy density of over 295 Wh kg−1 for 200 cycles at 10 mA cm−2 (≈C/5).
AB - Na-based batteries have long been regarded as an inexpensive, sustainable candidate for large-scale stationary energy storage applications. Unfortunately, the market penetration of conventional Na-NiCl2 batteries is approaching its limit for several reasons, including limited rate capability and high Ni cost. Herein, a Na-FeCl2 battery operating at 190 °C is reported that allows a capacity output of 116 mAh g−1 at an extremely high current density of 33.3 mA cm−2 (≈0.6C). The superior rate performance is rooted in the intrinsically fast kinetics of the Fe/Fe2+ redox reaction. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that a small amount of Ni additive (10 mol%) effectively mitigates capacity fading of the Fe/NaCl cathode caused by Fe particle pulverization during long-term cycling. The modified Fe/Ni cathode exhibits excellent cycling stability, maintaining a discharge energy density of over 295 Wh kg−1 for 200 cycles at 10 mA cm−2 (≈C/5).
KW - fast charging cathode
KW - Na-FeCl2 batteries
KW - sodium-metal halide batteries
KW - stationary energy storage
KW - β″-alumina solid electrolyte
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U2 - 10.1002/aenm.201903472
DO - 10.1002/aenm.201903472
M3 - Article
SN - 1614-6832
VL - 10
JO - Advanced Energy Materials
JF - Advanced Energy Materials
IS - 10
M1 - 1903472
ER -
