TY - JOUR
T1 - Advanced intermediate-temperature Na-S battery
AU - Lu, Xiaochuan
AU - Kirby, Brent W.
AU - Xu, Wu
AU - Li, Guosheng
AU - Kim, Jin Y.
AU - Lemmon, John P.
AU - Sprenkle, Vincent L.
AU - Yang, Zhenguo
PY - 2013/1/1
Y1 - 2013/1/1
N2 - In this study, we reported an intermediate-temperature (∼150 °C) sodium-sulfur (Na-S) battery. With a relatively low operating temperature, this novel battery could reduce the cost and safety issues associated with the conventional high-temperature (300-350 °C) Na-S battery. A dense β′′-Al2O3 solid membrane and tetraglyme were utilized as the electrolyte separator and catholyte solvent in this battery. Solubility tests indicated that a cathode mixture of Na 2S4 and S exhibited extremely high solubility in tetraglyme (e.g., >4.1 M for Na2S4 + 4 S). CV scans of Na2S4 in tetraglyme revealed two pairs of redox couples with peaks at around 2.22 and 1.75 V, corresponding to the redox reactions of polysulfide species. The discharge/charge profiles of the Na-S battery showed a slope region and a plateau, indicating multiple steps and cell reactions. In situ Raman measurements during battery operation suggested that polysulfide species were formed in the sequence of Na2S5 + S → Na2S5 + Na2S4 → Na 2S4 + Na2S2 during discharge and in a reverse order during charge. This battery showed dramatic improvement in rate capacity and cycling stability over room-temperature Na-S batteries, which makes it more attractive for renewable energy integration and other grid related applications. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013.
AB - In this study, we reported an intermediate-temperature (∼150 °C) sodium-sulfur (Na-S) battery. With a relatively low operating temperature, this novel battery could reduce the cost and safety issues associated with the conventional high-temperature (300-350 °C) Na-S battery. A dense β′′-Al2O3 solid membrane and tetraglyme were utilized as the electrolyte separator and catholyte solvent in this battery. Solubility tests indicated that a cathode mixture of Na 2S4 and S exhibited extremely high solubility in tetraglyme (e.g., >4.1 M for Na2S4 + 4 S). CV scans of Na2S4 in tetraglyme revealed two pairs of redox couples with peaks at around 2.22 and 1.75 V, corresponding to the redox reactions of polysulfide species. The discharge/charge profiles of the Na-S battery showed a slope region and a plateau, indicating multiple steps and cell reactions. In situ Raman measurements during battery operation suggested that polysulfide species were formed in the sequence of Na2S5 + S → Na2S5 + Na2S4 → Na 2S4 + Na2S2 during discharge and in a reverse order during charge. This battery showed dramatic improvement in rate capacity and cycling stability over room-temperature Na-S batteries, which makes it more attractive for renewable energy integration and other grid related applications. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2013.
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U2 - 10.1039/c2ee23606k
DO - 10.1039/c2ee23606k
M3 - Article
SN - 1754-5692
VL - 6
SP - 299
EP - 306
JO - Energy and Environmental Science
JF - Energy and Environmental Science
IS - 1
ER -
