Diverse pathogen-associated molecular patterns affect transcription of genes in the toll-like receptor signaling pathway in goat blood

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), and CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLR). This study aimed to investigate the effect of diverse PAMPs on the transcription of TLR signaling pathway genes in goat blood. Whole blood was collected from 3 female BoerXSpanish goats and treated with the following PAMPs: 10 µg/ml LPS, PGN, CpG ODN (2216), CpG ODN (2006), and 12.5 µg/ml Poly I:C. Blood-treated PBS served as a control. The expression of 84 genes in the human TLR signaling pathway RT2 PCR Array (Qiagen) was evaluated using real-time PCR. Treatment with PBS affected the expression of 74 genes, Poly I:C affected the expression of 40 genes, t ODN 2006 affected the expression of 50 genes, ODN 2216 affected the expression of 52 genes, LPS affected the expression of 49 genes, while PGN affected the expression of 49 genes. Our results show that PAMPs modulated and increased the expression of genes in the TLR signaling pathway. These results highlight important insights into how the host responds to different pathogens and may help design adjuvants for therapeutics and vaccines that target different.