Optimizing Educational Spaces: Achieving Optimal Thermal Comfort, Occupancy Precision, and Energy Efficiency through the Integration of IoT Sensor Technology and Fuzzy Logic Control

Individuals allocate a substantial portion of their time within indoor environments, wherein the thermal conditions wield considerable influence over their well-being and efficacy across diverse domains. This study employs a suite of sensors, notably encompassing an MS1100 CO2 concentration level, a DHT 11 humidity sensor, and a Logitech web camera for visual data acquisition, to monitor the occupancy of enclosed spaces. Principal aims encompass discerning the optimal operating temperature, establishing a state of thermal comfort, and managing energy consumption, particularly pertaining to illumination. The determination of the optimal operational temperature relies on a specific model, while the delineation of the thermal comfort envelope adheres to the PMV methodology as delineated by the ASHRAE 55 standard, facilitated through the CBE tool. The secondary objective entails a dual consideration of room occupancy and C02 concentration, with fuzzy logic control (FLC) being employed to regulate lighting in response to fluctuations in occupancy and C02 levels. The investigation underscores that prudent management of thermal comfort yields enhancements in energy efficiency. Nonetheless, shortcomings in parameter configuration within the PMV methodology are acknowledged.