The Effect of Dust and Sand on the Propagating EM Millimeter Plane Wave

Different applications in our life use wireless connections to provide varying telecommunication services. These wireless channels are affected by different weather factors such as rain, snow, dust, and sand. In the past, more research was concentrated on the effect of weather factors on the millimeter plane waves especially during rainy days. The desert regions in the world are the sources of dust and sand. In this country, the south west is a source of dust and sand during windy days. Previous work investigated the effect of dust and sand on the 5G millimeter wave by calculating the path loss of the propagating length to estimate the received power at the destination point. In this research, the effect of dust and sand on the propagating electric field is investigated by determining the complex dielectric constant of dusty region to estimate the wave number and attenuation factor of the propagating plane wave. The Maxwell's equations are used to find the expression of the electric field in the form of linear, circular and elliptic polarization. Moreover, this work will investigate the behaviour of propagating waves through dusty/sandy region with different polarization. The numerical result displays the best polarization that is recommended to use during dusty/sandy weather. Also, the penetration of the millimeter wave in the dusty lossy medium is different with different values of humidity. In this research, MATLAB is used to simulate the effect of dust and sand on the propagating electromagnetic millimeter wave.