Transmission Electron Microscopy for Structural Insights into Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhiskers in Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent

Maurelio Cabo; Abed Alqader Ibrahim; Gayani Pathiraja; Farbod Ebrahimi; Shobha Mantripragada; Omiya Ayoub; Besan Khader; Kristen Dellinger; Jeffrey R. Alston; Sherine O. Obare; Dennis R. LaJeunesse

doi:10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00159

Transmission Electron Microscopy for Structural Insights into Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhiskers in Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent

Maurelio Cabo
, Abed Alqader Ibrahim
, Gayani Pathiraja
, Farbod Ebrahimi
, Shobha Mantripragada
, Omiya Ayoub
, Besan Khader
, Kristen Dellinger
, Jeffrey R. Alston
, Sherine O. Obare
, Dennis R. LaJeunesse

University of North Carolina at Greensboro
North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Scopus citations

Abstract

In this study, we used Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to establish that bacterial cellulose formed nanowhisker (BCWN) rod-like structures with distinct short and long morphologies when fabricated in a ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) of choline chloride, imidazole, and tannic acid. STEM-EDS confirmed nanowhisker twisting, diameter, elongation, and elemental composition. BCNWs enhanced TDES thermal stability by increasing the decomposition temperature and residual yield. DLS and zeta potential showed particle size enlargement and charge reversal, while DSC indicated a reduced melting temperature and restricted molecular mobility. Thus, TEM not only elucidated cellulose morphology but also provided insights into structural transformations and the reinforcing role of BCNWs in tuning eutectic solvent properties for sustainable nanomaterials and potential polymer electrolyte applications.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	28-34
Number of pages	7
Journal	ACS Measurement Science Au
Volume	6
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00159
State	Published - Feb 18 2026

Keywords

Bacterial cellulose
Nanowhisker
Spectroscopy
TEM
Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent
Thermal Analysis
Thermal Stability

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10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00159

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Cabo, M., Ibrahim, A. A., Pathiraja, G., Ebrahimi, F., Mantripragada, S., Ayoub, O., Khader, B., Dellinger, K., Alston, J. R., Obare, S. O., & LaJeunesse, D. R. (2026). Transmission Electron Microscopy for Structural Insights into Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhiskers in Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent. ACS Measurement Science Au, 6(1), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00159

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title = "Transmission Electron Microscopy for Structural Insights into Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhiskers in Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent",

abstract = "In this study, we used Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to establish that bacterial cellulose formed nanowhisker (BCWN) rod-like structures with distinct short and long morphologies when fabricated in a ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) of choline chloride, imidazole, and tannic acid. STEM-EDS confirmed nanowhisker twisting, diameter, elongation, and elemental composition. BCNWs enhanced TDES thermal stability by increasing the decomposition temperature and residual yield. DLS and zeta potential showed particle size enlargement and charge reversal, while DSC indicated a reduced melting temperature and restricted molecular mobility. Thus, TEM not only elucidated cellulose morphology but also provided insights into structural transformations and the reinforcing role of BCNWs in tuning eutectic solvent properties for sustainable nanomaterials and potential polymer electrolyte applications.",

keywords = "Bacterial cellulose, Nanowhisker, Spectroscopy, TEM, Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent, Thermal Analysis, Thermal Stability",

author = "Maurelio Cabo and Ibrahim, \{Abed Alqader\} and Gayani Pathiraja and Farbod Ebrahimi and Shobha Mantripragada and Omiya Ayoub and Besan Khader and Kristen Dellinger and Alston, \{Jeffrey R.\} and Obare, \{Sherine O.\} and LaJeunesse, \{Dennis R.\}",

year = "2026",

month = feb,

day = "18",

doi = "10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00159",

language = "English",

volume = "6",

pages = "28--34",

journal = "ACS Measurement Science Au",

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publisher = "American Chemical Society",

number = "1",

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Cabo, M, Ibrahim, AA, Pathiraja, G, Ebrahimi, F, Mantripragada, S, Ayoub, O, Khader, B, Dellinger, K, Alston, JR, Obare, SO & LaJeunesse, DR 2026, 'Transmission Electron Microscopy for Structural Insights into Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhiskers in Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent', ACS Measurement Science Au, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.5c00159

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T1 - Transmission Electron Microscopy for Structural Insights into Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhiskers in Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent

AU - Cabo, Maurelio

AU - Ibrahim, Abed Alqader

AU - Pathiraja, Gayani

AU - Ebrahimi, Farbod

AU - Mantripragada, Shobha

AU - Ayoub, Omiya

AU - Khader, Besan

AU - Dellinger, Kristen

AU - Alston, Jeffrey R.

AU - Obare, Sherine O.

AU - LaJeunesse, Dennis R.

PY - 2026/2/18

Y1 - 2026/2/18

N2 - In this study, we used Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to establish that bacterial cellulose formed nanowhisker (BCWN) rod-like structures with distinct short and long morphologies when fabricated in a ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) of choline chloride, imidazole, and tannic acid. STEM-EDS confirmed nanowhisker twisting, diameter, elongation, and elemental composition. BCNWs enhanced TDES thermal stability by increasing the decomposition temperature and residual yield. DLS and zeta potential showed particle size enlargement and charge reversal, while DSC indicated a reduced melting temperature and restricted molecular mobility. Thus, TEM not only elucidated cellulose morphology but also provided insights into structural transformations and the reinforcing role of BCNWs in tuning eutectic solvent properties for sustainable nanomaterials and potential polymer electrolyte applications.

AB - In this study, we used Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) to establish that bacterial cellulose formed nanowhisker (BCWN) rod-like structures with distinct short and long morphologies when fabricated in a ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) of choline chloride, imidazole, and tannic acid. STEM-EDS confirmed nanowhisker twisting, diameter, elongation, and elemental composition. BCNWs enhanced TDES thermal stability by increasing the decomposition temperature and residual yield. DLS and zeta potential showed particle size enlargement and charge reversal, while DSC indicated a reduced melting temperature and restricted molecular mobility. Thus, TEM not only elucidated cellulose morphology but also provided insights into structural transformations and the reinforcing role of BCNWs in tuning eutectic solvent properties for sustainable nanomaterials and potential polymer electrolyte applications.

KW - Bacterial cellulose

KW - Nanowhisker

KW - Spectroscopy

KW - TEM

KW - Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent

KW - Thermal Analysis

KW - Thermal Stability

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JO - ACS Measurement Science Au

JF - ACS Measurement Science Au

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ER -

Transmission Electron Microscopy for Structural Insights into Bacterial Cellulose Nanowhiskers in Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent

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Keywords

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