Vulnerabilities of Power Grid Due to Line Failures Based on Power Traffic Centrality of the Line Graph

In this paper we validate the use of degree centrality measures based on power traffic to assess the vulnerability of power systems and to predict 70% brownouts and blackouts using Line Graph Based Model (LGBM) which is best to describe the removal of transmission lines as opposed to buses. Monte-Carlo simulations were employed for IEEE systems test cases. Different events were evaluated, including the removal of randomly selected elements of the network. The AC power flow formulation was employed to calculate the degree centrality measures. The simulations demonstrated the consistency of the degree centrality measures based on the power traffic matrix to indicate the total unsatisfied load ratio resulting from node or link removals. We studied the comparison between bus failure and link failuer. Finally, it was observed that a blackout is ensured if the sum of centrality scores of the nodes or links removed exceeds a threshold.